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A Review of the Health Impacts of Solanine: The Toxic Alkaloid Found in Potatoes
Mina Saei1 , Naiema Vakili Saatloo2 , Parisa Shavali Gilani3 , Nastaran Akbariyeh3 , Fatemeh Cheraghian3 , Leila Haji3 , Parisa Sadighara3 , Tayebeh Zeinali *4
1- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
2- Food and Beverages Safety Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
3- Department of Environmental Health, Food Safety Division, Faculty of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
4- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Health, Geriatric Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
Abstract:   (70 Views)
Solanine, a steroidal glycoside found in potatoes, serves as a natural defense mechanism for the plant, exhibiting fungicidal and pesticidal properties that protect it from phytopathogenic fungi. This compound can be present in various parts of the plant, including the leaves, fruits, and tubers. However, control measures on solanum glycoside toxins are based on careful selection and seed potato varieties, and attention to handling and processing. In order to reduce the risks and ensure sustainable storage, potatoes should be stored in cool, dark areas. Solanine poisoning is primarily manifested by gastrointestinal and neurological disorders and may cause severe nervous and exanthematous syndrome. This review provides a comprehensive survey on glycoalkaloid distribution in potatoes and its associated factors, its impact on flavor, the neurotoxic effects of solanine on humans, the various analytical methods used for its evaluation, and strategies to control its formation.
Keywords: Solanine, Solanum tuberosum, Solanaceous alkaloids, Alpha-chaconine, Neurotoxicity syndromes
     
Type of Study: Review Article | Subject: Food Safety and Hygiene
Received: 2024/11/29 | Accepted: 2025/06/9 | Published: 2025/07/30
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