Sun, Jun 1, 2025
[Archive]
.png)
Volume 8, Issue 4 (12-2022)
jhehp 2022, 8(4): 214-221 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Moosavirad S M, Hasanzadeh Sabluei A. Performance Evaluation of Electrocoagulation in Removing COD from Car Wash Wastewater. jhehp 2022; 8 (4) :214-221
URL: http://jhehp.zums.ac.ir/article-1-546-en.html
URL: http://jhehp.zums.ac.ir/article-1-546-en.html
1- Department of Environment, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran.
2- Master of Science in Mining Engineering, Mining and Industry Expert, Bureau of Industry, Mine and Trade of Kerman Province, Kerman, Iran.
2- Master of Science in Mining Engineering, Mining and Industry Expert, Bureau of Industry, Mine and Trade of Kerman Province, Kerman, Iran.
Abstract: (3411 Views)
Background: Considering the increased demand for cars in different countries during recent years, using car washes for washing vehicles has received a lot of attention. This study aimed to assess removing chemical oxygen demand (COD) from car wash effluent using the electrocoagulation method. Methods: A reactor with dimensions of 40 cm * 50 cm * 50 cm of Plexiglas with a volume of 90 L equipped with an electric current generator and an electrode was used connected to the DC current generator in the form of Al-Al. The response surface method (RSM) was applied to optimize the factors affecting COD removal in the electrocoagulation process. For this purpose, D-optimal was utilized to optimize the experiments. The effects of measurable factors such as electrolysis time (X1), current density (X2), and aeration time (X3) were examined to check COD removal. Results: According to the results, the optimal operating conditions for COD removal during electrolysis (30 min) were as follow: the current density was 18.75 A/m2, and the aeration time of 30 min was 48.51%. Conclusion: In conclusion, electrocoagulation is, to some extent, a reliable and environmentally compatible technique for car wash wastewater treatment.
Keywords: Car wash wastewater, Electrocoagulation, COD removal, Response surface method, Pilot scale
Type of Study: Original Article |
Subject:
Environmental Health, Sciences, and Engineering
Received: 2022/09/21 | Accepted: 2022/11/17 | Published: 2022/12/11
Received: 2022/09/21 | Accepted: 2022/11/17 | Published: 2022/12/11
References
1. Panizza M, Cerisola G. Applicability of Electrochemical Methods to Carwash Wastewaters for Reuse. Part 2: Electrocoagulation and Anodic Oxidation Integrated Process. J. Electroanal. Chem. 2010; 638: 236-40. [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
2. Nadzirah Z, Nor Haslina H, Rafidah H. Removal of Important Parameter from Carwash Wastewater-A Review. Appl. Mech. Mater. 2015; 773: 1153-7. [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
3. Priya M, Jeyanthi J. Removal of COD, Oil and Grease from Automobile Wash Water Effluent Using Electrocoagulation Technique. Microchemical Journal. 2019; 150: 10470. [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
4. Shahidan S, Senin MS, Kadir ABA, Yee LH, Ali N. Properties of Concrete Mixes with Carwash Wastewater. MATEC Web Conference. 2017: 87. [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
5. Daneshvar N, Oladegaragoze A, Djafarzadeh N. Decolorization of Basic Dye Solutions by Electrocoagulation: An Investigation of the Effect of Operational Parameters. J. Hazard. Mater. 2006; 129: 116-22. [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
6. Can OT, Kobya M, Demirbas E, Bayramoglu M. Treatment of the Textile Wastewater by Combined Electrocoagulation. Chemosphere. 2006; 62: 181-7. [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
7. Zaroual Z, Azzi M, Saib N, Chaînet E. Contribution to the Study of Electrocoagulation Mechanism in Basictextile Effluent. J. Hazard. Mater. 2006; 131: 73-8. [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
8. Merzouk B, Madani Kh, Sekki A. Using Electrocoagulation-Electroflotation Technology to Treat Synthetic Solution and Textile Wastewater, Two Case Studies. Desalination. 2010; 250: 573-7. [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
9. Zaied M, Bellakhal N. Electrocoagulation Treatment of Black Liquor from Paper Industry. J. Hazard. Mater. 2009; 1639: 995-1000. [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
10. Kobya M, Can OT, Bayramoglu M. Treatment of Textile Wastewaters by Electrocoagulation Using Iron and Aluminum Electrodes. J. Hazard. Mater. 2003; 100(1-3): 163-78. [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
11. Balla W, Essadkia AH, Gouricha B, Dassaa A, Chenik H, Azzi M. Electrocoagulation/ Electroflotation of Reactive, Disperse and Mixture Dyes in an External-Loop Airlift Reactor. J. Hazard. Mater. 2010; 184: 710-6. [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
12. Bayramoglu M, Kobya M, Can OT, Sozbir M. Operating Cost Analysis of Electrocoagulation of Textile Dye Wastewater. Sep Pur. Tech. 2004; 37: 117-25. [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
13. Alinsafi A, Khemis M, Pons MN, Leclerc JP, Yaacoubi A, Benhammou A, Nejmeddine A. Electrocoagulation of Reactive Textile Dyes and Textile Wastewater. Chemical Engineering and Processing: Proces Intensification. 2005; 44: 461-70. [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
14. Rahmani A, Samarghandi MR. Electrochemical Removal of COD from Effluents. J. Water and Wastewater. 2007; 64: 9-20. (In Persian). [Article]
15. Mehdipoor MA, Moosavirad SM. Effect of the Holed Ferrum Electrodes (HFE) on the Efficiency of the Electrocoagulation Process for Copper Recovery and Optimization of Parameters Using RSM. Hydrometallurgy. 2020; 194: 10313. [Crossref]
16. Mollah M, Morkovsky P, Gomes JA, Kesmez M, Parga J, Cocke DL. Fundamentals, Present and Future Perspectives of Electrocoagulation. J. Hazard. Mater. 2004; 114: 199-210. [Crossref] [PubMed]
17. Hasanzadeh-Sabloue A, Moosavirad SM. Hardness and Chloride Removal in Dewatering System: Modeling and Optimization of Electrochemical Reaction. Adv. Environ. Tech. 2022; 6: 251-65. [Google Scholar]
18. Chen G. Electrochemical Technologies in Wastewater Treatment. Sep. Pur. Tech. 2004; 38: 11-41. [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
19. Janssen LJJ, Koene L. The Role of Electrochemistry and Electrochemical Technology in Nvironmental Protection. Chem. Eng. 2002; 85: 137-46. [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
20. Acharya S, Sharma SK, Chauhan G, et al. Statistical Optimization of Electrocoagulation Process for Removal of Nitrates Using Response Surface Methodology. Indian Chem. Engineer. 2017; 36: 1-16. [Google Scholar]
21. Sudamalla P, Saravanan P, Matheswaran M. Optimization of Operating Parameters Using Response Surface Methodology for Adsorption of Crystal Violet by Activated Carbon Prepared from Mango Kernel. Sust. Environ. Res. 2012; 22: 1-7. [Google Scholar]
22. Güçlüa D. Optimization of Electrocoagulation of Pistachio Processing Wastewaters Using the Response Surface Methodology. Desalin. Water Treat. 2015; 54: 3338-47. [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
23. Dindarloo A, Dastoorani M. Evaluation of Effluent Treatment Effluent by Activated Sludge Method for Quality of Effluent for Irrigation Purposes (Case Study: Kermanshah Wastewater Treatment Plant). J Water and Sus Development. 2017; 4(2): 31-40. [Article]
24. Montgomery DC, Myers RH, Carter Jr WH, Vining GG. The Hierarchy Principle in Designed Industrial Experiments. Quality and Reliability Engineering International. 2005; 21(2): 197-201. [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
25. Asaithambi P, Abdul-Aziz A, Wan Daud WM AB. Integrated Ozone-Electrocoagulation Process for the Removal of Pollutant from Industrial Effluent: Optimization Through Response Surface Methodology. Chem. Eng. Process. 2016; 105: 92-102. [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
26. Huda N, Raman AAA, Bello MM, Ramesh S. Electrocoagulation Treatment of Raw Landfill Leachate Using Iron-Based Electrodes: Effects of Process Parameters and Optimization. J. Environ. Manage. 2017; 204: 75-81. [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
27. Moosavirad SM. Increasing Efficiency of Thickener Operation in Concentrate Plant of Iron Ore Mine Using Coagulation-Flocculation. J. Adv. Environ. Health Res. 2017; 4: 146-54. [Google Scholar]
28. Xiarchos I, Jaworska A, Zakrzewska-Trznadel G. Response Surface Methodology for the Modelling of Copper Removal from Aqueous Solutions Using Micellar-Enhanced Ultrafiltration. J. Membr. Sci. 2008; 321: 222-31. [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
29. Mu Y, Zheng XJ, Yu HQ. Determining Optimum Conditions for Hydrogen Production from Glucose by an Anaerobic Culture Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). International J. Hydrogen Energy. 2009; 34: 7959-63. [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
30. Montgomery DC. Design and Analysis of Experiments. Publisher: John Wiley & Sons. 2017. [Google Scholar]
31. Metcalf SI. Wastewater Engineering: Treatment, Disposal, Reuse. Newyork: McGraw-Hill. 2003.
32. Demim S, DrouicheN, Aouabed A, Benayad T, Couderchet M, Semsari S. Study of Heavy Metal Removal from Heavy Metal Mixture Using the CCD Method. J. Ind. Eng. Chem. 2014; 20: 512-20. [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
33. Ghanim AN. Application of Response Surface Methodology to Optimize Nitrate Removal from Wastewater by Electrocoagulation. Int. J. Sci. Eng. Res. 2013; 4: 1410-6. [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
34. Nawarkar CJ, Salkar VD. Solar Powered Electrocoagulation System for Municipal Wastewater Treatment. Fuel. 2019; 237: 222-6. [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
35. Garg KK, Prasad B. Development of Box Behnken Design for Treatment of Ter-Ephthalic Acid Wastewater by Electrocoagulation Process: Optimization of Process and Analysis of Sludge. J. Environ. Chem. Eng. 2016; 4(1): 178-90. [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
36. Cañizares P, Jiménez C, Martínez F, Sáez C, Rodrigo MA. Study of the Elec- Trocoagulation Process Using Aluminum and Iron Electrodes. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2007; 46(19): 6189-95. [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
37. Rahmani A. Survey of Electrocoagulation Process for COD Removal from Wastewater. J. Water Wastewater. 2009; 64: 9-14. (In Persian).
38. Gao S, Yang J, Tian J, Ma F, Tu G, Du M. Electro-Coagulation-Flotation Process for Algae Removal. J. Hazard. Mater. 2010; 177: 336-43. [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
39. Barrera-Díaz C, Bilyeu B, Roa G, Bernal-Martinez L. Physicochemical Aspects of Electrocoagulation. Sep. Purif. Rev. 2011; 40: 1-24. [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
40. Barrera Díaz CE, González-Rivas N. The Use of Al, Cu, and Fe in an Integrated Electrocoagulation-Ozonation Process. J. Chem. 2015: 1-6. [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
41. Safari S, Azadi Aghdam M, Kariminia HR. Electrocoagulation for COD and Diesel Removal from Oily Wastewater. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2016; 13: 231-42. [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
42. Emamjomeh MH, Sivakumar M. Review of Pollutants Removal by Electrocoagulation and Electrocoagulation/Flotation Processes. J. Enviro. Manage. 2009; 90: 1663-79. [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
© 2024 The Author(s)
