en Health Promotion Health Promotion پژوهشي Original Article <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="line-height:1;"><b><span style="color:black">Background:</span></b><span style="color:black"> Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a highly lethal malignancy, underscoring the urgent need for novel therapeutic agents. <i>Cannabis</i> has recently gained attention as a promising plant-derived source of bioactive compounds; however, most studies investigating the anti-tumor properties of <i>Cannabis sativa</i> (<i>C. sativa</i>) have focused on leaf extracts, leaving its seeds largely unexplored. In this study, we investigated the anti-tumor potential of an ethanolic extract of <i>C. sativa</i> seeds against pancreatic cancer cells.</span><br> <b><span style="color:black">Methods:</span></b><span style="color:black"> An ethanolic extract of <i>C. sativa</i> seeds was prepared and analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. The cytotoxicity of the extract on PANC-1 (pancreatic cancer) and Human Foreskin Fibroblast (HFF) normal cells was assessed using the MTT assay. Colony formation and wound-healing assays evaluated the extract&#39;s impact on PANC-1 colony formation and migration. Flow cytometry analysis assessed the cell cycle phase of PANC-1 cells after treatment.</span><br> <b><span style="color:black">Results:</span></b><span style="color:black"> The extract selectively suppressed PANC-1 proliferation without affecting HFF cell viability. It induced G1-phase arrest and increased the sub-G1 population in PANC-1 cells, inhibited colony formation, shifted colony composition toward a paraclone-dominant phenotype, and reduced migratory capacity.</span><br> <b><span style="color:black">Conclusion:</span></b><span style="color:black"> Our <i>in vitro</i> findings demonstrate that <i>C. sativa</i> seed extract selectively inhibits PANC-1 cell proliferation and reduces cell migration and clonogenicity while sparing normal cells, suggesting its potential as a plant-derived candidate for PDAC therapy.</span></span></span></span></div> Cannabis sativa seed, MTT assay, Pancreatic cancer, 0 0 http://jhehp.zums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-721-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Fatemeh Salah fatemeh.salah95@gmail.com 0009000696303680 No Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran. Forouzan Ghasemian Roudsari f-ghasemian@znu.ac.ir 000000033918863X Yes Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran. Mohammad Masoudi masoudi@iasbs.ac.ir 0000000194341524 No Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, Iran. Sadrollah Ramezani sramezani@eco.usb.ac.ir 0000000192540511 No Department of Agronomy Science, Research Institute of Modern Biological Techniques, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.