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AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAhgQAAGNsaXBib2FyZC90aGVtZS90aGVtZTEueG1sUEsBAi0AFAAGAAgAAAAh AJxmRkG7AAAAJAEAACoAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAgsAAGNsaXBib2FyZC9kcmF3aW5ncy9fcmVscy9k cmF3aW5nMS54bWwucmVsc1BLBQYAAAAABQAFAGcBAAAFDAAAAAA= " strokeweight="1pt" style="position:absolute; left:0; text-align:left; margin-left:-3px; margin-top:9px; width:5in; height:0; z-index:251662336" type="#_x0000_t32"> <w:wrap type="square"> </w:wrap></v:shape><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><b><span style="color:#222222">Background:</span></b> Limited studies have shown the possible relationship between dietary inflammatory potential and the risk of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, no study has specifically assessed the influence of dietary glycemic indices on the risk of IBS. <span style="background:yellow"><span style="background-color:#ffffff;">We aimed to investigate the association between dietary glycemic and inflammatory indices with the risk of IBS occurrence.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="background:white"><b><span style="color:black">Methods:</span></b><b> </b><span style="color:black">A total of 161 newly diagnosed IBS patients, identified according to the Rome IV criteria, and 163 healthy controls (aged &ge; 18</span>&thinsp;<span style="color:black">years) participated in the study. The dietary inflammatory index (DII), glycemic index (GI), and glycemic load (GL) were computed based on a 168-item food frequency questionnaire.</span></span><br> <span style="background:white"><b><span style="color:black">Results: </span></b><span style="color:black">After adjusting for baseline parameters, total DII showed a significant effect on the risk of IBS (OR = 0.41, 95% CI = 0.268, 0.62; <i>P </i>< 0.001). Participants in the last quartile of DII showed a 3.8-fold increased risk of IBS compared to those in the lowest quartile (95% CI = 1.92, 7.6; <i>p</i> < 0.001). In addition, a higher dietary total GL increased the risk of IBS by 52% (95% CI = 0.34-0.64, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Moreover, patients in the highest quartile of dietary GL showed a 21.7-fold greater risk of IBS compared to those in the lowest quartile (<i>p</i> < 0.001). An increase in lactose and fructose intake increased the risk of IBS by 10% (<i>p</i> = 0.03) and 13% (<i>p</i> = 0.01), respectively. Conversely, higher fiber intake decreased the risk of IBS by 11% (<i>p</i> = 0.04).</span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="background:white"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><b><span style="color:black">Conclusion: </span></b></span></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Gulliver"><span style="color:black"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;">This study showed a possible positive association between diets characterized by high DII and GL and the risk of IBS.</span></span> </span></span></span></span></span></span></div> Inflammatory index, Glycemic index, Glycemic load, Irritable bowel syndrome, Diet, 19 26 http://jhehp.zums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-655-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Kimia Shahbazi shahbazi_kimia@yahoo.com 100319475328460015681 100319475328460015681 No Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran. Maryam Jameshorani shirinjameshorani@yahoo.com 100319475328460015682 100319475328460015682 No Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran. Amir Mahmoodkhani Amir.mahmoodkhani@yahoo.com 100319475328460015683 100319475328460015683 No Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran. Seyedeh Neda Mousavi neda.mousavi@yahoo.com 100319475328460015684 100319475328460015684 Yes Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran; Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.