en Environmental Health, Sciences, and Engineering Environmental Health, Sciences, and Engineering Review Review Article <div><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="line-height:normal"><b><span style="color:black">Background:</span></b><span style="color:black"> Today, chronic diseases have spread all over the world. The World Health Organization (WHO) mentions air pollution as the biggest environmental health hazard, attributing 7 million premature deaths every year to this pollution, which includes suspended particles and gases with concentrations that are detrimental to human health. Factors of interest in this field are micrometer diameter particles, tropospheric ozone, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and carbon monoxide. The purpose of this research is to increase public awareness of air pollution and its side effects on different parts of the digestive system.</span></span><br> <span style="line-height:normal"><b><span style="color:black">Methods:</span></b><span style="color:black"> A narrative review was done using several databases, including PubMed, Magiran, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Relevant studies published from 1990-2021 were identified. </span></span><br> <span style="line-height:normal"><b><span style="color:black">Results:</span></b><span style="color:black"> Globally, ecological studies have demonstrated a relationship between short-term exposure to air pollution and several gastrointestinal diseases.</span></span><br> <span style="line-height:normal"><b><span style="color:black">Conclusion:</span></b><span style="color:black"> The results of these studies showed that pollutants have a direct effect on the increased prevalence and number of cases of chronic gastrointestinal diseases. The results of this research can inform policymakers in making comprehensive decisions to solve the problem, individuals who are exposed to pollutants, and the public in raising awareness and promoting the use of protective equipment.</span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></div> Air Pollution, Air pollutants, Chronic Diseases, Digestive System, Gastrointestinal Cancer, 1 10 http://jhehp.zums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-608-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Mohammad Javad Mohammadi mohammadi.m@ajums.ac.ir 100319475328460013965 100319475328460013965 No Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health and Environmental Technologies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Maryam Baratifar maryambaratifar@gmail.com 100319475328460013966 0000000240005602 Yes Student of Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Parisa Asban asbann.1394@gmail.com 100319475328460013967 100319475328460013967 No Student of Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Fatemeh Kiani nazaninfatykian@gmail.com 100319475328460013968 100319475328460013968 No Student of Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Maryam Hormati Maryamhormati7868@gmail.com 100319475328460013969 0009000039955056 No Student of Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Raziyeh Kazemi Bareh Bichast Raziehkazemi.1377@gmail.com 100319475328460013970 100319475328460013970 No Student of Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.