en Public Health Public Health پژوهشي Original Article <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><strong>Background:</strong> This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of <em>Trichomonas vaginalis</em> infections among prison inmates in Umuahia, Abia State.<br> <strong>Methods</strong>: Approximately 350 inmates aged 18 to 61 participated in the study. A total number of 70 high vaginal swabs of female participants and 350 urine samples from both male and females &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;were examined using direct wet mount methods. Questionnaire was used to obtain socio-demographic and behavioral factors of the participants.<br> <strong>Results</strong>: The results showed that, the overall prevalence of <em>T. vaginalis</em> infections was 43.4%. .The result of Chi-square analysis showed a significant difference (P < 0.05) in the prevalence of <em>T. vaginalis</em> infection among the men (33.6%) &nbsp;&nbsp;and women (82.8%). Furthermore, the prevalence of <em>T. vaginalis</em> was 11.0% and 22.8%, respectively, &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;in individuals between 31-40 years. No infection was noted among men between 18-20 years of age. Moreover, examination of urine and vaginal swabs combinations revealed high infection in women. Questionnaire analysis indicated no significant relationship between multiple sexual partners and unprotected sex with <em>T. vaginalis</em> infection (P> 0.05). It was also found that, inmates showed symptoms, such as light burning after urination and itching/rashes at the private part while some infected cases were asymptomatic.<br> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The findings highlight the need for adequate and improved health care for prison inmates as well as their examination and treatment before release.</span></span> <div> <div><div id="_com_1" uage="JavaScript"></div></div> </div> </div> Trichomonas vaginalis, Prevalence, Risk factors, Prison inmates 70 75 http://jhehp.zums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-442-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Queen Ozioma Lawrence queenlawrence8@gmail.com 100319475328460011169 100319475328460011169 Yes Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, College of Natural Sciences Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, PMB 7267 Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria. Chinenye Okosa chinenyeokosa@gmail.com 100319475328460011170 100319475328460011170 No Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, College of Natural Sciences Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, PMB 7267 Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria.