en Environmental Health, Sciences, and Engineering Environmental Health, Sciences, and Engineering پژوهشي Original Article <div class="WordSection1" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="line-height:1;"><span style="page:WordSection1"><b><span style="color:black">Background:</span></b> <span style="color:black">Rising urban air pollution, including PM₁₀, PM_2.5, O₃, SO₂, NO₂, and CO, poses a significant public health threat and may be a risk factor for stroke.</span><br> <b><span style="color:black">Methods:</span></b><span style="color:black"> This study was conducted between 2020 and 2023 at Imam Reza Hospital in Tabriz. Data on stroke patients were collected from the Tabriz Stroke Registry, and daily air pollutant data were obtained from the Environmental Protection Agency website. Descriptive statistical analyses, along with Poisson and negative binomial regression models, were used to assess the association between air pollutant exposure and stroke incidence.</span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black"></span></span><br> <b><span style="color:black">Results:</span></b> <span style="color:black">PM_2.5was identified as the primary pollutant during 89.30% of the study period. The mean daily stroke incidence was 1.35 (SD: 1.17), with the highest incidence observed on days dominated by SO₂ (1.91, SD: 0.83) and the lowest on days dominated by O₃ (1.21, SD: 1.27). SO₂ had the highest mean Air Quality Index (AQI) value (mean: 84, SD: 36), whereas O₃ showed the lowest (mean: 42, SD: 13). PM_2.5showed a significant positive association with stroke incidence (IRR: 1.003, 95% CI: 1.001-1.005, <i>P</i> < 0.001), corresponding to a 0.3% increase in stroke incidence per unit rise in PM_2.5-related AQI. No statistically significant associations were observed for the other air pollutants.</span><br> <b><span style="color:black">Conclusion:</span></b><span style="color:black"> Elevated PM_2.5levels were associated with increased stroke incidence, while other air pollutants showed no significant correlations. These findings underscore the importance of effective management of particulate matter sources and the strengthening of air quality monitoring systems to mitigate stroke risk. </span></span></span></span></span></div> <div aria-label="Page Break" class="cke_pagebreak" contenteditable="false" data-cke-display-name="pagebreak" data-cke-pagebreak="1" style="page-break-after:always" title="Page Break"></div> Stroke, Air Pollution, Tabriz, Negative Binomial Regression, Poisson Regression, PM2.5, 0 0 http://jhehp.zums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-39-10&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Fereshteh Asadi frshth102@gmail.com 100319475328460016321 100319475328460016321 No Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran. Fatemeh Masaebi dr.f.masaebi@zums.ac.ir 100319475328460016322 100319475328460016322 No Department of Statistics, School of Public Health, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran. Mahdi Maqboli m.maghbooli@zums.ac.ir 100319475328460016323 100319475328460016323 No Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran. Mehdi Farhoudi farhoudi_m@yahoo.com 100319475328460016324 100319475328460016324 No Neurosciences Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Mohammad Reza Mehrasbi zmehr@zums.ac.ir 100319475328460016325 100319475328460016325 Yes Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.